Telephone system.



F. B MGBERTY,

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION'FILED 213.27. 19084 Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

l6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor Attest: $3

n r y F. R: MQBERTY,

TELEPHONE SYSTEM. APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 27, 1908.

Patentesi Jan. 2%, 1915 18 SHEETS-BEEET 2.

F. EIEQBERTEQ mama-10m SYSTEM.

APPLIOATIGN HIE? FREQ-7, 180B.

Patented Jan. 26, 2915.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

V inventor:

F. R. MGBEBJTL.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

AIPLIGATIQN TILED FEB.27, 1908. g iggfifig g Patented 32121126, 1915.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A ttest';

F. R.- MGBERTY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION PIL'BD PBB.21,'190B.

i atented Jan. 26, 1915.

16 SHBETSSHBET 6.

P. R. MQBERTY.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

16 SHEETS-$8221 6.

Inventor:

1?. R. MGBERTY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION IILED 315.27, 1908.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

Attest:

, Inventor:

man

v F. R. MQBERTY. TELEPHONE gYSTBM;

nrmonxon rum) 1 23.27, 1908.

, Patented Jan. .26, 1915.

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In van for?" Att t: 1

' mxm P. R. MQBBRTY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED 133.27, 1005.

3., 1 fififiu Patenwd Jan. 26, 1915 16 SHEETS-SHEET 9 P. R, MOBERTY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION TILED mmm. 1003.

l, 1 26,G%6. Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

lb SHEETS-SHEET 10.

I i /awag' A'ttest: n for: w 6? in.

I F. RF MGBERTY.

LEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.27,1908.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

16 SHBETFSHEET 11 Aai'e i: Inventor:

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MGBERTK TELEPHONE SYSlEIvi.

APPLICATION TILED F2327, 1908 Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

"16 SHEETS-SHEET 12.

TELEPHONE S APPLICATION $111131 IEB.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915 l6 SHEETS-SHEET l3.

Attesi: v Inventor:

/:7% @w I? )Jiwt;

F. R. MGBERTY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION FILED rmmv, 1908.

1,126,046. Patented. 5mg, 1915.

16 SHEET$-SHEET 14.

Attest: ii: 1e 10;"

"Wm @Wk Q F. R. MGBERTY. TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED 53.27, 1908.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 15.

novvvh Attest:

Inventor:

F. R. MOBER Y. TELEPHONE SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILTD FEB.27, 1308.

Patented Janl26, 1915.

16 sums-sum: 1a.

UNITED STATES PATEuir union.

FRANK R. McBEB/JJY, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK, ASS IGNOR TO WESTERNELECTRIC COMPANY, QF-'CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A GOBPOBKT ION F ILLINOIS.

TELEPHONE SYSTEIE,

Specification of Lettersiatent.

Patented J an. 26, 19?:5.

Application filed February 27, 1908. Serial No. 418,123.

To all whom it may concern Be it :known that I, FRANK R. MCBERTY, a.citizen of the United Statesyresiding in thetown of New Rochelle, in thecounty of vestchester and State of New York, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in Telephone Systems, of which the following is afull, clear, concise, and exact description.

My invention relates to a. system of telephonic circuits and apparatusdesigned for the interconnection for conversation of the telephones of atelephone exchange, and is directed more particularly toward theprovision of a system wherein interconnection between the telephones iseffected through the agency of automatic apparatus under the control ofan operator at the central otlice to which the lines of the exchangeextendn I .My invention has for its principal object the provisionofmeans whereby interconnection'bctween any two lines of a telephoneexchange system may be effected with the greatest possible ease andrapidity by the use of circuits and apparatus of the simplest and leastexpensive character, with the minimum oi effort on the part of thesubscriber desiring connection, and without requiring special apparatusat the subscribers stations.

Tn the so called automatic telephone systems. as commonly practised, itis the custom to provide at the central office of the exchange automaticswitches or selectors upon which the lines terminate, and which areadapted to effect interconnection between various lines of the exchange,these automatic switches being controlled in their operation by means ofspecial calling apparatus sometimes referred to as sendersor controllerslocated at each subscribers station and manipulated by the subscriber tocause'the automatic switches at the central cities to complete theconnection he desires.

These systcmsnot only necessitate the provision of special, andsometimes highly complicated, apparatus at each substation, whichapparatus is'usually expensive and also liable -to derangement: buttheyalso impose upon the subscriber the necessity of doing the workincident to establishing the conncction' between his line and the llinefor which he is-ca1ling. .In theso called manuahsystems, on the otherhand, special eutfi'ngapparatusneed be provided at. the

subscribers station, as these systems involve the employment ofanoperator at the central otlice who receives the call from thesubscriber, and performs the work necessary to the establishment of theconnection. But

in large systems of this character, a large percentage of the calls forconnection must be trunked,that is, each call must be extended by meansof a trunk line to a particular one of a number of groups into which thelines of the exchangeare divided. The establishment of such aconnection, therefore, involves the services ofat least two operators,the operator who first' iinswers the subscriber and obtains from himthe number of the line with which'hedesires connection, and the operatorwho presides over the distant end of the trunk line,

through which connection is made to the particular group in which thecalled line is located. The trunking of a connection involves aconversation between the subscribdesignating the number ofthe trunkthat'is v to be employed in establishing the connec: tion.

The system of my invention aims to combine the best features ofoperation of the automatic system and of the manual system, and toeliminate the objectionable features of both. In accordance with theembodi ment of my invention which I'have'herein illustrated, and which Ishall describeythe substation equipment is of the usual character. anddoes not involve any special calling apparatus. The subscribers linesextend to' a central oilice, where they are terminated in such a mannerthat call for connection operates a signal that attracts the attentionof the operator. The operator is provided with switching means forputting herself line of the calling subscriber may be extend ed to acircuit over which his line without The circuit over which connectionwith the called line is established, in accordance with my iinvention,is provided with an automatic switch which has access to connectionterminals of the line with which connection is desired, and whichis-under the control of a calling device adapted to be manipulated bythe operator who answers the subscribers call. Upon receiving the callof the calling subscriber 'the operator sets the calling device withwhich she is provided, and when she has completed connection. with thetrunk line extendingto the group in which the called line is included,the automatic switch at the other end of the trunk operates under thecontrol of the calling device to select and establish connection withthe particular line with which connection is desired. In this way thework which in an automatic system is performed by the subscriberhimself, and which requires special calling apparatus at his substation.is, in my system-performed by the operator at the central office; whilethe work of completing connection-with a called sub" scribers linelocated in a particularrgroup and at a point remote from the point wherethe calling subscriber isanswered, which work is in a manual systemperformed by a trunk operator in response to spoken instruction from thesubscribers operator, is

in the system of my invention accomplished :operato1 who answers thesubscribers call.

by an automatic switch controlledby the My invention also contemplates anumber of improved instrumentalitics and circuits for use in this orother systems. The automatic switching apparatus which I have devisedfor use in the system of my invention is adapted to perform, under thecontrol of the operator who answers the subscribers call, all the workincident to selecting, testing, connectirm with, ringing and discon-,

lbscriber in taking his telephone for use displays at a central stationswitchboard a signal which leads the answering operator to completeconnection with the calling line 5 by inserting one of the plugs of apair of connecting cords into a spring jack associated with said signal.When the operator has learned the number of the line with ,which thecalling subscriber desires con- 1lCCt/lO]1, she sets her, calling deviceto correspond to the number of the desired hne,

inserts the other plug oi. the pair of connecting cords into the springjack of a trunk line extending to the group of lines of which the calledline is one, and presses a key which. brings the calling device intooperative relation with the automatic switch at the other end of thetrunk line. As soon as the calling device and automatic switch arebrought into operative relation a local source of power associated withthe automatic switch is made operative to drive it, and the movement ofthe switch produces impulses that in turn serve to drive the callingdevice. The automatic switch has a number of' rows of stationaryterminals wired to the lines that terminate on the spring acks in theswitchboard, and a num ber of movable terminals that are caused to passover the stationary terminals in the movement of the switch, eachmovable terminal being arranged to pass over a particular row ofstationary terminals. \Vhile all of the movable terminals are connectedwith the t-runkline, none of them is nor- .mallv in condition to engagethe terminals of the row over which it moves, but the switch is providedwith mechanism that acts under the control of the calling device toselect a particular one -or group- 0f the mo -able terminals, and bringit into position to engage the stationary terminals of its associatedrow. The particular movable terminal selectcd depends upon the degree towhich the movable terminalswhich vall move together have been displacedfrom their normal or resting position when theselecting mechanismoperates; so, inasmuch as the automatic switch controls the movement ofthe callingdevice so that they both move together, the operator. bysetting the calling tuated by another current change controlled by thecalling device; and, as the extent of movement of the selected movableterminal of the switch at the moment it is stopped determines theparticular stationaryterminaland therefore the particular -sub-"scribers linewith which the movable terminal of the-trunkswitchcompletesconnectiomthe operator, by setting the calling pair ofconductors.

device to produce this other current change after a predeterminedmovement of the calling device, is able to stop the crimelected atesting relav is brought into action to prevent the trunk line frombeing extended to the selected line in case the latter is busy, and totransmit a busy signal to the other end of the trunk. If the line is notbusy; connection with it is completed and ringing current is applied bymeans of a circuit which is automatically disconnected whcnthe calledsubscriber answers the call. Thetalking circuit of the trunk is at thesame time completed at this end,

and was the devices at the other end of the trui. Ilinc have operated inthe meanwhile to disconnect the calling device and complete the trunkcircuit at that point, the calling subscriber and the. called subscriberare now brought into communication. During the use of their telephones,both subscribers havecontrol ofthe usual supervisorv signals before theoperator. lVhen they replace their telephones the operator disconnects,and the resultant change of currert flow in the circuit causes thereturn El -the automatic switch to its normal p'osiion.

In the embodiment of my system illustrated, the reciprocal control overeach other of the calling device and the automatic switch, the controlof the called subscribcrs supervisory signal, the transmission of thebusy'signal if the line is engaged, and the telephonic. communicationbetween the subscriloers are all ellccted over the usual single Thecontrol of the callingdevice over the automatic switch a; cause it toperform its various operations of starting, selecting a particularmovable terminal. selecting and connecting with a particularstationaryterminal and returning to normal position is effected through the mediumof switching apparatus at the automatic switch end of the trunk, whichoperates at each change of current flow produced by the calling deviceto shift the control of the alling device from one to the other of thevarious operating circuits and mechanisms of the automatic itch.

I shall describe my invention more in de tail by reference to theaccompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representatimiof the circuit arrangement'of one form in which the system of myinvention may be organized, portions of the automatic switch of thesystem being illustrated in perspective; Fig. 2 is a plan view of acalling device cgpnstructed 'in accordance with my inven- "ticn: Fig. 3,.a'plan view of the calling device with the cover removed; Fig. 4: asideelevation of the calling device with the outer casing partially brokenaway; Fig. 5 a vertical cross section on line 55" of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 aperspective of the plate carrying one of the contact levers of thecalling device; Fig. 7 a perspective view of another of the plates withits associated switches; Fig.

8, adetail plan view of the controlling magnet of the calling devicewith its escapement mechanism; Fig. 9, a front elevation of an automaticconnector switch embodying my invention, the switch carriage being shownrotated from its normal position in order that the construction andarrangement oi the parts may be more clearly seen; Fig. 10, a rearelevation of the automatic switch with its parts in the position shownin F ig. 9: Fig. 11 a side elevation of the switch with its parts asshown in Fig. 9; Fig. 12, a top plan view of the same; Fig. 13, a topplan view with the movable terminals of the switch in their normalposition; Fig. ll. a sectional plan view on line l4-1'-l of Fig. 9; Fig.15, a section on line 15-15 of Fig. 9; Fig. 16, a perspective view ofthe switchcar riage, or movable element of the switch carrying,themovable terminals with their associated parts; Fig. 17, a perspectiveview of the other side of the switch carriage; Fig. 18, a detail view oisome of the stationary terminals of the switch; Fig. 19, a.

detail of one of the latches that hold the movable terminals clear ofthe stationary terminal as it rides up on the insulation of the terminalblock in which the stationary terminals arcvmounted; Fig. 23, a top planview of thedisk portion oi the magnetic clutch that drives the switch:Fig. 24. a front elevation of the clutch, with the disk portion shown insection on line 24-24 of Fig. 23; Fig. 25, a. detail view of the contactplate shown in Fig. 7. with a portion of the escapcment wheel of thecalling device, to

illustrate the relation between the parts when the cscapement wheel isin its normal position: and Fig. 26. a top view of the in tcrruptersegments.

I shall first describe the automatic switch of my in vention, which,under the control of the answering operator. performs the office of atrunk operator in establishing connection with the called. line. prisesprimarily a number of-stationary'ter- This switch comminals mounted in aterminal block, a carriage or traveler carrying a number of movableterminals or brushes, with means for normally holding the movableterminals or brushes clear of the stationary terminals and for measuringthe movement of the carriage, a tripping device for tripping any one ofthe movable terminals so as to bring it into position to engage thestationary terminals in the correspond ing row, a resetting device forrestoring the tripped movable terminal to its normal position upon thereturn of the carriage or traveler, driving mechanism for causing themovement of the carriage, a magnet for controlling the operation of thedriving mechanism, and a frame to Which all of the above mentioned partsare secured and by means of which "they are supported.

The supporting frame consists of a base piece s to which two-uprights '8are secured by means of two lugs 8 These uprights are shown broken oilat their upper ends in the drawing, as they may be made long enough tosupport a number of switches S arranged one above the other. Above theswitch S the uprights s are braced by means of a cross piece a. Thedi'ti erent parts of the switch are secured to'the sup port in threegroups, any one of which may be detached from the support withoutdisturbing the others. One of these groups in cludes'the stationaryterminals 8 in their mounting block and one part of the interrupterwhich measures the movement of the switch carriage. The second groupconsists ofthe carriage or traveler carrying the movable terminals s,the other element of the interrupter, the tripping mechanism, a camswitch; associated with the carriage, and one element of the magneticclutch by means of which, the carriage is driven. The third group"comprises the power shaft and the other element of the magnetic clutch.

The stationary terminals 8 consist, in the present instance, of metalpunchings, which may conveniently be of brass and have the formillustrated in Fig. 18. These punchings are mounted in parallel rows ina terminal block s v of hard rubber, or like suitable insulatingmaterial. The terminal block a is-substantially semi-cylindrical in-form, and for convenience. in manufacture may b divided into twoormore-parts, as shown. The holes in the terminal block in which thestationary terminal punchings openings for the terminal punchings are"face of the cylinder 8, and a formed more readily than they would be:

by drilling each hole separately." In the present instance, I haveillustrated the switch as being providedwith sixteen hundred and twentystationar terminals arranged in thirty parallel horizontal rows havingfifty four terminals in each row; and I have shown the terminal cylinder8 as being divided horizontally. into two parts, each containing hal'l'of"tl'1'e terminals.

The terminal punchings s aile preferably formed with shoulders .9 neartheir forward ends, as shown in Fig. 18, these shoul; ders being adaptedto lie against the front walls of the horizontal slots in the terminalblock to limit the torward movement of the terminals. The sides of theshoulde also provided with are shaped depre ous, so that insulating rods8 may be thrust between vertical rows of the stationary terminals tohold them in position in the terminal block. The contact faces of thestationary terminals .9 preferably project slightly beyond the plane ofthe inner surface of the terminal block. and an- Formed at such an anglethat the lift of the movable terminal or brush as it p es overthe projecting ends of the stationary terminals gradual, and its movement,therefore, little impeded. By inclining the angle of the projectingportions of the stationary terminals tothe movement of? the movableterminals or brushes, there is also less liability of the brushesforming a bridge across and short cireuiting adjacent stationaryterminals.

The terminal blocks or cylinder: with. the terminals 8 mounted therein,are secured to three aroshaped metallic supporting strips 8 by means ofbolts .9. The supporting strips 5 are provided with lugs at their endsadapted to enter the slots in slotted bolts 8 carried by the uprights sof the frame, and to be clamped in position by nuts screwed upon thebolts.

Between the top of the upper terminal cylinder or block and thearc-shaped supporting strip .9 are held two segmental plates .9 and s",constituting the stationary element of the interrupter that measures themovement of the carriage over the stationary terminals. The segmentalinterrupter plates s and s are insulated from; each other and from theother portionsd lf the machine by strips of insulating miwerial, andtheir front or inner edges areficorrugated or scalloped as showninorepl'a mly in Fig, 20 andFig. 26. The two interrupter plates are somounted-that their corrugations or scallops are offset, the crest ofeach corrugation in one of the plates lying over the trough of thecorrugation in theother plate. The corrugations in the interruptersegments correspond with the stationary. terminals 8 in each at thehorlzontv SIOWS,

ltlS.

